Metabolic Effects of Allopurinol and Allo-Xanthine

Metabolic effects of allopurinol and allo-xanthine.

Role of urate, xanthine oxidase and the effects of allopurinol in vascular oxidative stress

Oxidative stress plays an important role in the progression of vascular endothelial dysfunction. The two major systems generating vascular oxidative stress are the NADPH oxidase and the xanthine oxidase pathways. Allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, has been in clinical use for over 40 years in the treatment of chronic gout. Allopurinol has also been shown to improve endothelial dysfuncti...

Ischemia and reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in the rat. Effects of xanthine oxidase inhibition with allopurinol.

We have investigated the possibility that xanthine oxidase-linked free radical production has a role in the genesis of arrhythmias during ischemia and reperfusion. In this study, rats were treated with allopurinol (20 mg/kg, orally, 24 hours before study, plus 20 mg/kg, iv, 15 minutes prior to study). Using an anesthetized open-chest preparation with either coronary artery occlusion for 30 minu...

Xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol attenuates the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy

In this study, we investigated the effect of the xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor, allopurinol (ALP), on cardiac dysfunction, oxidative-nitrosative stress, apoptosis, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activity and fibrosis associated with diabetic cardiomyopathy in mice. Diabetes was induced in C57/BL6 mice by injection of streptozotocin. Control and diabetic animals were treated with ALP or pl...

The potential renoprotection of xanthine oxidase inhibitors: Febuxostat versus allopurinol